The Artificial Vision is a big tool to establish the relation between the three-dimensional world and its bidimensional views taken with camera of it.
By this theory a reconstruction of the three dimensional space can be done, by a part, from its views and, for another, can carry out the simulation of a projection of the three-dimensional scene in the desired position a bidimensional plane.

The typical goals of the artificial vision include: 

  The detection, segmentation, location and recognition of certain objects in images (for example, human faces).

  The evaluation of the results (for example: segmentation, registration).

  Registration of different images of a scene or an object, to recognize an object from different perspectives.

 Tracking an object in a sequence of images.

  Mapping of a scene to generate a three-dimensional model of the scene; such a model might be used by a robot to analyze a scene.

  Estimation of the three-dimensional postures of human beings.

  Analysis of digital images to characterize its contents.

These goals are obtained by recognition of patterns, statistical learning, projective geometry, processing of images, graph theory and other fields.